The Indian government is actively exploring new technologies, including Small Nuclear Reactors (SMRs), to facilitate the transition to clean energy. The Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Science & Technology, and Minister of State for PMO, Personnel, Public Grievances, Pensions, Atomic Energy, and Space, made this announcement on December 6, 2023.
Nuclear power is emerging as a promising and environmentally friendly option for power generation globally. The world is witnessing a growing emphasis on strategies that reduce dependence on fossil fuels, and the adoption of nuclear power is considered a pivotal component of this transition.
Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) are gaining attention due to their unique features such as modularity, scalability, small footprint, and enhanced safety. These characteristics make SMRs an attractive option for repurposing retiring coal-based thermal power station sites. By deploying SMRs, especially in locations unsuitable for large nuclear plants, significant amounts of low-carbon electricity can be generated. This innovative approach allows for the repurposing of aging fossil fuel-based power plants, contributing to the reduction of carbon emissions.
However, it’s crucial to note that SMRs are not intended to replace conventional large-sized nuclear power plants that serve as base load plants. Instead, they offer a versatile solution for specific applications, including industrial decarbonization.
The installation and operation of nuclear power plants, including SMRs, adhere to stringent regulatory requirements to contain radiation and prevent public exposure under all circumstances. While SMRs hold great promise, their techno-commercial aspects are still in the early stages globally. The large-scale deployment of SMRs depends on various factors, including regulatory harmonization on a global scale by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and addressing considerations such as emergency planning zones and public acceptance.
SMRs present a promising technology for industrial decarbonization, particularly in sectors requiring a reliable and continuous power supply. India, in alignment with its commitment to a clean energy transition, is actively considering steps for the development and deployment of Small Modular Reactors, marking a crucial milestone in the nation’s pursuit of sustainable and low-carbon energy solutions.
